1.Back, N.H., Kim, S.S., Choi, M.G., Yang, W.H., Shin, H.T. and Cho, S.Y. 1998. Effect of slow release compound fertilizer application rate on growth and yield of rice in direct seeding on flooded paddy surface. RDA J. Agro-Env. Sci., 40: 35–41.

2.Bond, J.A., T.W. Walker, B.V. Ottis, and D.L. Harrell. 2008. Rice seeding and nitrogen rate effects on yield and yield components of two rice cultivars. Agron. J., 100: 393–397. doi:10.2134/agrojnl2007.0107

3.Cooper, R.L. 1971. Influence of early lodging on yield of soybean. Agron. J., 63: 449–450.

4.Corbin, J.L., Walker, T.W., Orlowski, J.M., Krutz, L.J., Gore, J., Cox, M.S. and Golden, B.R. 2016. Evaluation of trinexapac- Ethyl and nitrogen management to minimize lodging in rice. Agron. J., 108: 2365–2370.

5.Day, A.D. 1957. Effect on lodging on yield, test weight and other seed characteristics of spring barley grown under flood irrigation as a winter annual. Agron. J., 49: 536–549.

6.Dunand, R.T. 2003. Influence of growth suppression on stature reduction, panicle development, and crop production in rice. PGRSA Quarterly, 31(2): 96.

7.Hozyo, Y. and Oda, K. 1965. Studies on the stiffness of culms in barley plants (Hardeum sativum Jessen) development of culms. Proc. Crop Sci. Soc. Japan, 33: 255–258.

8.Lim, J.T., Kwon, B.S and Jung, B.G. 1991. Relationship between lodging related characteristics and field lodging in rice. Korean J. Crop Sci., 36: 319–323.

9.Min, S.K. and Fei, H.L. 1984. Yields constraints and productivity prospect of rice in China. Proc. International Crop Sci. Symposium, Fukuoka, Japan, pp. 79–92.

10.Monika, B.D. 2013. Food security in Asia: challenges, policies and implications. International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), London.

11.Mulder, E.G. 1954. Effect of mineral nutrition on lodging of cereals. Plant Soil, 5: 246–306.

12.Norman, R.J., Wilson, C.E., Slaton, N.A., Moldenhauer, K.A.K., Boothe, D.L., Clark, S.D., and Cox. A.D. 2000. Grain yield response of new rice cultivars. In: Arkansas rice research studies, Norman R.J. and Beyrouty C.A. (Eds), Arkansas Agric. Exp. Stn, Fayetteville, pp. 267–271.

13.Pinthus, M.J. 1973. Lodging in wheat, barley and oats: the phenomenon its causes and preventive measures. Adv. Agron., 25: 209-263.

14.Setter, T.L., Laureles E.V and Mazaredo A.M. 1997. Lodging reduces yield of rice by self-shading and reduction in canopy photosynthesis. Field Crops Res., 49: 95–106.

15.Slaton, N.A., Cartwright, R.D., Meng, J., Gbur, E.E. and Norman, R.J. 2003. Sheath blight severity and rice yield as affected by nitrogen fertilizer rate, application method, and fungicide. Agron. J., 95: 1489–1496.

16.Song, D.S., Kim, Y.J and Lee, S.C.1996. Effects of seeding dates on lodging in water seeding of rice. Korean J. Crop Sci., 41: 157–167.

17.Unan, R., Sezer, I., Sahin, M. and Mur, L.A.J. 2013. Control of lodging and reduction in plant length in rice (Oryza sativa L.) with the treatment of trinexapac-ethyl and sowing density. Turk. J. Agric. For., 37: 257–264.

18.Weibel R.O. and Pendleton J.W. 1964. Effect of artificial lodging on winter wheat grain yield and quality. Agron. J., 56: 487–488.